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/ Journal Issues / Modeling and Simulation Special Edition: Wargaming / Air Force Research Laboratory Innovation – Pushing the Envelope in Analytical Wargaming

Air Force Research Laboratory Innovation – Pushing the Envelope in Analytical Wargaming

Published in Journal of Cyber Security and Information Systems
Volume: 4 Number: 3 - Modeling and Simulation Special Edition: Wargaming

Author: Jaime J. Bestard
Posted: 12/01/2016 | Leave a Comment

Models, Simulations and Wargames

Wargames are powerful tools to explore problems where humans must make decisions in challenging situations and generate possible solutions. Wargames offer structured and rigorous environments where participants can evaluate strategies, concepts of operations, and technologies across the different levels of war to identify key limiting factors and expose innovative options. For an Enterprise charged with the scientific and technical innovation of the United States Air Force, wargames offer an exceptional resource for informing strategic investment decisions.

Models offer Defense professionals with abstract representations of future technologies that can improve warfighting capabilities. These representations can help understand how a weapons system will be transported, its payload capacity, the technologies it uses to operate effectively, and the processes necessary to execute its mission. Simulations are the representation of the behavior or characteristics of one system through the use of another system, typically a computer program designed for the purpose. M&S offer opportunities to constructively test a system or system of systems and its behavior without conducting live trials. M&S also provides the option of varying system characteristics, such as adding performance attributes for new technologies into the simulation and evaluating the utility at various levels of play. Virtual M&S includes humans in the loop integrated with mathematical M&S and allows operators “seeing” the constructive picture of war to interact with it, using new technologies within a scenario to evaluate improved performance and develop concepts of operations (CONOPS) and employment (CONEMP) and tactics, techniques and procedures (TTP). Wargames (military simulations) test warfare theories and human decision-making and are perceived as useful in the development and evaluation of doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership, personnel and facilities (DOTMLPF) solutions.

Traditional wargames have not depended on science and technology (S&T) to support military decision makers. However, the integration of S&T and skillsets to facilitate data exploitation (e.g., operations research, science and engineering) are the core of analytical wargames and facilitate the gaming process while making these powerful tools more interactive. Such integration will improve an environment often seen as the realm of historians, political scientists, and military officers with little formal analytical training and awareness of emerging technologies. These improvements will not only increase the quality of wargames and their products, but will facilitate data-driven exploration of military utility for new and integrated S&T concepts. The AFRL Enterprise benefits from analytical game play through feedback of adequate requirements and insights into potential CONEMP for augmenting the strategic, operational, and tactical capabilities of advanced technologies.

Pages: Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5

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Disclaimer

The opinions expressed herein are those of the author and are not necessarily representative of those of the United States Air Force or the Department of Defense.

Endnotes

  1. e.g., speed, range, weight, fuel capacity, payload
  2. e.g., PS – probability of survival, PK – probability of kill, PK|H – probability of kill given a hit

References

  1. Ball, Robert E. 2003. The Fundamentals of Aircraft Combat Survivability Analysis and Design. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.
  2. Davis, Paul K., and Amy Henninger. 2007. Analysis, Analysis Practices, and Implications for Modeling and Simulation. Occasional Paper, Santa Monica: RAND Corporation.
  3. Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics. 2009. DoD Modeling and Simulation (M&S) Verification, Validation, and Accreditation (VV&A). Instruction, Department of Defense.
  4. Work, Robert O. 2015. War on the Rocks. December 8. http://warontherocks.com/2015/12/revitalizing-wargaming-is-necessary-to-be-prepared-for-future-wars/.

Author

Jaime J. Bestard
Jaime J. Bestard
Jaime J. Bestard is a Plans and Programs Engineer with the Strategic Planning and Transformation Division, Headquarters AFRL. As a Plans and Programs Engineer, Mr. Bestard supports the development of options for the AFRL analytical agenda. He directly supports the AFRL future warfare analysis activities spanning wargaming and M&S. Mr. Bestard participates in war-gaming efforts from initial planning and preparation through game execution and application of results to shape AFRL Science and Technology (S&T) Strategy. Mr. Bestard graduated from the University of Florida in 2006 with a Master of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering, beginning his civilian career with the Air Force as a survivability engineer and managing numerous research, development, test and evaluation projects to ensure aerospace systems can persevere in combat. To accomplish his mission he led initiatives with international partners to develop and standardize vulnerability analysis tools under the auspices of The Technical Cooperation Program (TTCP). Mr. Bestard was also a participant in the Engineer and Scientist Exchange Program (ESEP) from 2013 to 2015 embedded in the Italian General Secretariat of Defence and National Armaments Directorate. In this role, Mr. Bestard participated in policy development, as exemplified by the preparation of a Strategic Research Agenda geared toward emerging technologies to address operational capability gaps and by the shaping of the Italian position on research and development to support the European Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). He also conducted a study on robotics and nanotechnology for the Italian Military Centre for Strategic Studies (CeMiSS) commissioned by the Financial Planning Department of the Italian Army General Staff. Mr. Bestard has completed Air Command and Staff College (ACSC) and is Level III Engineering certified in the Acquisition Professional Development Program (APDP).

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